Tuesday, May 26, 2009

What does India urgently require?

What are the key issues to be dealt by the next Government?
The election to the 15th Lok Sabha has been successfully conducted and the results have been announced.. It is very important that the electorate analyses the present state of our country and makes it clear to the various parties and politicians what exactly India needs, what should be done for a brighter future and what are the key issues to be handled.

Before jumping to hasty conclusions, each citizen should educate himself/herself about India, and what we urgently need to catapult India to sustained and inclusive development, as soon as possible.

A recent survey by The Week shows that, Economic slowdown is the issue that worries the most number of people. Internal security and terrorism scares a chunk of 17% of the people who participated in the survey. Corruption is the most important issue to be dealt with, say 14% of them. Employment opportunities, stability of government and good leadership, farmer indebtedness, NREGA( National rural employment guarantee act), Indo- US nuclear deal, Secularism/Hindutva etc are found as key issues by others.. it was quite shocking to learn that a mere 4% feel that education is a key issue, in a country with around 50 crore people who cant even write or read.

The number of people who have taken part in this particular survey, may be, at the maximum, a few thousand, and so, its results, I believe, do not represent the interests of India as a whole. The huge chunk of India, living in the rural areas, has little participation in such surveys.

In the same weekly, I have read certain shocking and extremely saddening facts about our country. in rural Karnataka, children from the age of 6 work for daily wages at beaten rice mills, in inhuman conditions. Above 60% of our rural areas don’t have proper sanitation facilities; thousands live as scavengers, collecting human excreta from house to house, getting a pittance. There are farmers who starve to death or commit suicide due to rapidly increasing debts almost every day.

The literacy rate of women is still deplorable. The rapidly ageing population is deprived of any social security- India is the only developing country in the world which provides no social security/benefits to senior citizens. The rural India lacks infrastructure like electricity, roads, proper sanitation and health systems in our villages. Drinking water and proper transportation facilities are scarce in most of the rural areas. The country is still in the grip of social evils such as dowry, honour killings and unscientific methods of curing diseases.

The education system in most of the schools and colleges are outdated. Corruption is looming large. Terrorism is yet another burning issue. Growing number of slums, unemployment and inefficient bureaucracy and administration system adds to the thousands of other problems of our country. Harassment and attacks against women brings up the question of security of women. Even today, a woman is not safe in the streets of our country.

The infrastructure of our country is still very poor, compared to other developing countries such as China, South Africa, Brazil, Malaysia etc. Due to this, India still lacks an investor friendly environment despite the cheap labour and human resource available here. Proper economic reforms and moves are to be taken to shield the country from further effects of the recession and heal the harm already done.

Analysing the whole situation, it is clear that for the country to progress, development activities should reach even the most remote areas. For that, I believe, prime focus should be laid on infrastructure development- roads, railways, electricity etc. Once these issues are taken care of, an industry- friendly environment will be created throughout the country and agricultural goods of the local farmers can be easily transported to the other parts of the country. As new industries prop up, employment opportunities will naturally increase, thus empowering more and more rural Indians with financial security, which will in turn improve their standard of living.

Schools should be set up in rural areas such that there is one school in every 3 square kilometres, and education for children under 14 should be made compulsory. Also, female literacy camps should be set up to educate women. Empowering women, who constitute almost half of the population is inevitable for any county’s progress, moreover, a child’s 1st teacher and guide is always its mother.

Another area to be highlighted is agriculture. Majority of Indians still depend on agriculture for a living. But it is seen than, unlike other sectors, agriculture shows very little growth annually. This is due to the fact that over 90% of the farmers still depend upon the age-old methods for cultivation. Agriculture is still a gamble in our country, which depends on weather Gods and a minor change in the usual pattern will cause huge damage to the crops. Indian farmers lack proper irrigation facilities and modern technology like tractors, tillers, high yielding variety seeds, effective modern fertilizers etc. I don’t believe that loan waivers are going to give more than a temporary consolation to a very few farmers. The recent loan waiver project of the government, which failed to create much of a difference, is a testimony to this. Farmers should be empowered with latest technology and infrastructure. The money allocated for such loan waivers should be used to distribute newly developed crop varieties and machinery at a subsidised rate.

Another area that requires reform is the administrative system of each ministry. More transparency should be brought in to each department of the governing system. The Hong Kong model could be adopted for this. A new department or agency, independent of the government should be set up to keep an eye on each ministerial department, decisions taken and deals made. And the mode of operation should be thoroughly scrutinized and made available for public opinion and debate. This, I believe would reduce the corruption in each department.

For vast country like India, that has separate departments and administrative institutions for every single sector with educated bureaucrats at the helm of each, it wouldn’t be much of a problem to take care of all the development activities mentioned above parallelly.

This is what India needs urgently. This is what we seek from the next government.

Jai Hind.

THE DEATH OF THE TIGER

The Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapakse announced victory in the war against the Liberation of Tamil Tigers Elam last yesterday. The Sri Lankan army today released video footage of what they claim to be LTTE supremo Vellupillai Prabhakaran’s body, with a huge bullet wound on his forehead. Yesterday, they had released images of the dead bodies of LTTE’s top brass including that of Prabhakaran’s eldest son, Charles Anthony and that of the chief of sea tigers, Soosai.

Vellupillai Prabhakaran was born in Valvettiturai, a small fishing town on Sri Lanka’s northern tip as the son of a minor civil servant and a religious woman. It is said that young Prabhakaran, who was a dutiful son and an introvert, got influenced by his parents’ recollection of the 1958 racial riots directed against the Tamils. His private tutor who was a member of the Tamil Federal Party also influenced him. Prabhakaran was drawn into the Tamil struggle after the Sri Lankan Government passed a series of legislations against the Tamils. The repeated violence against the Tamils in the 1950s, 60s and 70s motivated him to find a military solution for the Tamil problems.

Prabhakaran, still in his teens, in 1972, gave form to the Tamil New Tigers which soon got morphed into the LTTE. His first major assassination was in 1975, when he killed the mayor of Jaffna, Alfred Duriappa. Thereafter he entered the wanted list of the Sri Lankan Police. He came to India to mobilize support for the Tamil cause.

Prabhakaran could not accept any other political organization or group coming forward for the Tamil cause except his. He wanted monopoly over it. Sohe murdered other Tamil Organizations’ Leaders who stood in his way. Anyone who opposed/disturbed his course of action would be in his hit list. The LTTE had grown from a small group of typical guerrilla fighters to a full fledged military, complety with navy and air force. The LTTE opposed the India- Sri Lanka Agreement signed between Indian PM Rajeev Gandhi and the Sri Lankan President J.R. Jayawardhane (1987). LTTE fought the Indian Peace Keeping Force deployed in Sri Lanka and defeated them, leaving almost 1200 Indian Troops dead. He was not ready for any sort of solution other than a separate nation for the Tamils.

The assassination of Rajeev Gandhi In Sri Perumbattoor by a suicide bomber, shortly followed (1991). This incident proved to cost a lot for the Tigers, as they lost the political support of the Indians. A string of assassinations and attacks followed, and it seemed that the war would never end. The northern Jaffna peninsula was virtually under the rule of the LTTE with Prabhakaran as its ruler. Funds flowed in from the Sri Lankan Tamil non-residents who supported the cause. Then in 2002, a cease fire was signed between the Sri lankan president, renal Wikramasinge and the Tamil Tigers in the mediation of Norway. The Tigers used this opportunity to fill their arsenals and to get ready for the next assault.

By mid 2006, the Tigers broke the cease-fire pact and resumed their attacks. In the summer of 2007 the government recaptured the Tiger- occupied area in the South eastern parts, forcing the tigers to retreat to their Vanni heartland. The govt. formally withdrew from the cease-fire agreement in January 2008. By now, the Tigers were losing heavily to the government due to many reasons:
· The switching of sides of many of the main commanders of the LTTE like col. Karuna, (who is now a minister in the Rajapakse govt), weakened the tigers.
· The number of people who supported the Tigers came down drastically as they started to realize the tigers hadn’t so far improved their conditions of living.
· The fund inflow from tamils across the world dwindled, as the LTTE was declared a terrorist organization and banned by most of the major nations.
· The Sri Lankan Army used guerilla warfare techniques, which the tigers did not anticipate.

The tigers got narrowed to a small strip in the north eastern side of the
Island nation. In January 2009, the army captured Killinoochi, sealing their victory over the Tigers. Now, all the top leaders including Velupillai Prabhakaran having been killed, Mahinda Rajapakse has created history by ending the Tiger Era. Though celebrations are on in Colombo marking the end of a 3- decade old war, the present government faces a lot of challenges. The Tamil issue doesn’t end unless and until they are given equal rights and opportunities and uplifted to the mainstream of the society. Lets hope the Sri Lankan Govt. takes the right steps in this direction as soon as possible to secure a peaceful and dignified life for each Tamil in the country.